Food Analysis Technique Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Food Analysis Technique - Assignment Example According to the paper microarray technique is a technique that allows expansion of the DNA significantly in terms of number of DNA that can be analyzed simultaneously. It is used in food analysis by enabling microbial analysis of pathogens in food substances in a single array assay. It is relevant because it detects infectious microbial pathogens in food so that they can be eliminated and ensure the food product is safe. Histology is another analytical technique useful in food analysis. The paper approves that this technique is uses a microscope to observe the morphology of a tissue. Environmental toxins and veterinary drugs have an effect on the morphology of a tissue and this can be observed under the microscope. Spectroscopic techniques is one of the food analysis techniques used are shown in the paper. This techniques include mass spectrometry, infrared, nuclear magnetic resonance and atomic spectroscopy. Hyphenated techniques is another analytical technique for food analysis. (Malik, Blasco and Picà ³, 2010) state that this technique combines at least two analytical techniques for instance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem spectrometry or mass spectrometry. There are a wide variety of application of this technique in food analysis. The paper shows molecular species which contain a unique set of energy levels depending on its molecular and atomic structure. Electromagnetic waves are particles of energy moving through space and these waves consist of oscillating electric and magnetic fields.

Teamwork and Motivation Essay Example for Free

Teamwork and Motivation Essay An organization should take steps that would best benefit the organization as a whole to strategize a motivation plan. It first must identify what employees value and then determine how the organization can reciprocate that what the employees want is being heard. This can be done by taking the initiative to communicate first-hand with employees so that the plan is clear and concise. In the following motivation plan, I will explain how the plan encourages high job satisfaction, low turnover, high productivity, and high-quality work. Stacy Harris (2013) tells us that â€Å"the work environment is an important talent retention tool for any workforce, but it is particularly important for the skilled labor workforce. Work environments for the high-tech, healthcare, and manufacturing industries share several common issues: long hours, high stress, and often lower pay scales than positions that may require higher levels of education†. That is why creating and structuring a plan that is intended to motivate employees is such a significant piece to retaining skilled employees. When developing this plan I had to first answer the question, what behaviors will be rewarded and how. In this organization, we manufacture and sell a commodity and although sales are high, our products and delivery services are losing credibility. We are incurring costs that are avoidable and may be losing the trust of our customers if we don’t do something fast. Therefore, employee motivation is significant in rectifying the issues at hand. Quaratul-Ain Manzoor (2012) explains that â€Å"a motivated employee is responsive of the definite goals and objectives he/she must achieve, therefore he/she directs its efforts in that direction†. To achieve high job satisfaction and high quality work, we have created a system that will reward points for incentives that will be very appealing to our employees and we found this out by taking a poll of the most desired perks. Since no one motivation plan will satisfy all employees we have taken the initiative to strategize our plan to cater to each department in different ways. Each department has goals that need to be met and when employees exceed these goals their acts will be recognized and rewarded. In our sales department, we have employees that are experiencing frequent interaction with our consumers. In order for us to know what is really happening in those interactions we have implemented a survey system that is completed by consumers in reference to how our employees handled them. Once we receive surveys we will reward those exceeding the 91 percentile rating of satisfaction with points towards obtaining a free vacation day. Also, in all departments attendance will be recognized, especially since sales and assembly are high-priority human resource areas. When an employee misses no days within a six month to one year period we will have an award presented at our annual employee recognition program. Also, employees will be recognized every quarter for outstanding service according to their points and consumer ratings. This recognition will be displayed on our STAR employee board and they will receive gift certificates to the restaurant of their choice. For those employees that do not meet those requirements, throughout the year gas cards will be given to employees who are meeting targets, showing growth. In our assembly department the key to increasing the morale is encouraging employee motivation. Keeping employees engaged at the organization will satisfy their need to feel a part of the organization and also the company’s need of high-productivity. As suggested by Philip Mirvis (2012), â€Å"there is a daunting â€Å"employee engagement gap† in business†. To close this gap at WooWoo we are striving to promote from within. Giving employees the opportunity to rise up in the assembly department to become trainers, supervisors and line leaders will be an intrinsic reward available to them. Encouraging team members to treat everyday like an interview day will keep them aware that they have the potential to move up the ranks as fast as they produce high-quality work. To effectively motivate our administration team we decided to analyze their position to the organization and what they view as perks. Since this group of employees is more focused on the processes running smoothly we have decided to reward their dedication to the company in regards to recognizing and resolving human resource issues in a timely manner. From our research the most desired perks for this group are employee recognition and developmental pay increases. Our technology department is a significant piece to the puzzle and the most difficult to chose a motivational strategy for. This department focuses on the logistics of the organization and maintaining the functioning of equipment we use. Therefore, to encourage and motivate this department we focused on the tools they need to excel. When it comes to training and recertification for this group of employees it’s really important to maintain their credibility, so we have decided to reward their outstanding services with tuition reimbursement, and free certification for every 6 months they meet and exceed their goals. To address achieving low-turnover, we as an organization have decided to create a sense of job security for our employees. We have managed to do this by offering benefits such as employee assistance programs, on-site child care, extended severance pay (should we ever have to downsize), and a defined contribution plan that constitutes the organization matching the employees contribution. Turnover can take a huge toll on an organization and we have taken the necessary steps to decrease our turnover rates and to increase our employees’ satisfaction. Methods Two methods that could be used to motivate all of the employees here are: (1) addressing their needs and wants and (2) encouraging goals to be met by praising the work they currently are doing. The most significant method would be to address the employees’ needs and wants. Once a person feels a sense of belonging; they long to know that the interested party cares about them. Employees especially have a need to know that they are not just viewed as a number that makes money for the company. Also, taking the time to recognize the work employees have already completed motivates them to do more so that they can continue to receive praise and not criticism. In return, the organization has an opportunity to yield high-satisfaction from the employees that value this type of motivation. The minimum wage worker is not motivated by the perks that are appealing to regular full-time employees. Therefore, it is a task and requirement to be creative in catering to motivate them. Three ways to motivate the minimum wage worker are: (1) encouraging participative leadership/learning, (2) employee recognition, and (3) showing them that there is potential to grow and make a career in the industry wherein they will have full benefits. These methods are used in combination to cater to what appeals to this group of workers. In today’s workforce, most minimum wage workers are in the Generation Y age group and they are not working to stay in that pay grade, so turnover is inevitable. However, using these methods to show employees how you value them can sometimes encourage them to consider making a career in the industry. The theory that best fits this scenario is the Hierarchy of Needs Theory. This theory focuses on individual needs and it places them in order of importance. In this theory the two needs classified as the higher-order needs, are closely related to the suggested methods that could be used to motivate minimum wage workers. The first need addressed in this theory, self actualization, coincides with the first suggested method of motivating minimum wage employees. This need highlights that employees have a sense of fulfillment. The need which is entitled, esteem, would benefit from the second suggestion of employee recognition. Today’s Individual Worker – Organizational Relevance In today’s organizational context the individual worker is still significant and it would not be possible to consider otherwise. Individuals are what make organizations diverse and they keep the operating procedures flowing. Today’s businesses mainly depend on teamwork and teams are made of individuals. Without individuals, organizations would produce mediocre results and have no differentiation whatsoever. I believe that is why a lot of organizations are recruiting more diverse populations so that in return they aren’t hiring employees that are like them. It is wise of organizations to value each individual in their organization especially if those individuals are growing with the organization and not benefiting from the status quo. Conclusion In conclusion, organizations truly have their work cut out for them when analyzing the best method to use when creating a motivation plan. This task is not a one-size-fits-all deal and company executives must factors in all of the key questions to reach their ultimate goal of retaining employees. Motivating employees can be a difficult task if an organization does not ask themselves the right questions. Having a clear and concise plan that is encouraged and communicated throughout the organization on a regular basis is grounds for the retaining of highly-satisfied employees.

Essay --

‘Quest for excellence often begins when we discover a pursuit that absorbs, frees , challenges us and gives us a sense of meaning, joy and passion’. As for me, the pursuit being a research career in Biological sciences, I wish to state in the following paragraphs , my view points and rationale behind my application to the Khorana Scholars Program 2013. I was fortunate to have completed my 12 golden years of schooling in Mahatma Montessori Matric., Madurai – one of the best in the city. The playway method of learning all through my junior years made education a sheer joy and made me versatile in academics as well as extra curricular activities like literature, dramatics and music. My organisational and leadership skills improved significantly because of being entrusted with posts in school governing council and being chosen as the school pupil leader later on. The awe for biological sciences was instilled in high school by my class IX biology teacher, Mr.Ganesan. I then became rooted in pursuing a career in biological sciences. A centum in class X biology exam further strengthen... Essay -- ‘Quest for excellence often begins when we discover a pursuit that absorbs, frees , challenges us and gives us a sense of meaning, joy and passion’. As for me, the pursuit being a research career in Biological sciences, I wish to state in the following paragraphs , my view points and rationale behind my application to the Khorana Scholars Program 2013. I was fortunate to have completed my 12 golden years of schooling in Mahatma Montessori Matric., Madurai – one of the best in the city. The playway method of learning all through my junior years made education a sheer joy and made me versatile in academics as well as extra curricular activities like literature, dramatics and music. My organisational and leadership skills improved significantly because of being entrusted with posts in school governing council and being chosen as the school pupil leader later on. The awe for biological sciences was instilled in high school by my class IX biology teacher, Mr.Ganesan. I then became rooted in pursuing a career in biological sciences. A centum in class X biology exam further strengthen...

English coursework †Hamlet refers to Claudius Essay

Hamlet refers to Claudius as a â€Å"Remorseless, treacherous, lecherous, kindles villain! † How far do you share his view? A villain is usually driven by something, usually power or money. Claudius has two of the greatest motives, power and lust. â€Å"My crown, mine own ambition, and my queen† Claudius lists the things he committed the murder for. Crown signalising power comes before queen, Gertrude. Villain’s motives are sometimes unimportant. Iago has no real motive to completely ruin people’s lives but does it because he enjoys it, only an extremely evil villain would gain pleasure through the suffering of others. Claudius has far greater motives. Firstly he would gain great power, a thing desired by many. He would also then have Gertrude whom he does care for and wants. Claudius has a tremendous talent at controlling and influencing people, whether it is through their views or their actions. Claudius switches Laertes’ anger from himself to Hamlet with ease â€Å"I am guiltless of your father’s death† to do that you would have to be a very convincing liar and be good at deceiving. Claudius then invites in a mad Ophelia to deceive Laertes, and to make him believe Hamlet is the culprit. Claudius’ manipulation of Hamlet’s feelings is apparent early on in the play showing his true self to be a sly, cunning and extremely clever man. All these qualities are shown in his opening speech as he addresses the court; Claudius speaks about the issue of his brother’s death, â€Å"our dear brother’s death, the memory be green† then, in a few sentences, moves on t the subject of his marriage, â€Å"Therefore our sometimes sister, now our queen† Claudius addresses his authority by referring to his wife as Queen letting all know that he is King. This is a very efficient and to the point statement showing Claudius’ intelligence, a characteristic common in the best and most evil villains. Claudius changes the subject â€Å"For all, our thanks† again it is simple and with minimum fuss. Claudius moves on to the next subject; a possible attack from a neighbouring country. He makes light of the situation by belittling the opposition; â€Å"Young Fortinbras, Holding a weak supposal of our worth† he calls the King young, immediately bringing to mind the thought of a child, not a very intimidating opponent. He also says ‘our’; gently letting the court he is the new King. â€Å"So much for him† these are the final words on the subject. Claudius has covered the death of his brother, his marriage with his former sister and a possible invasion and left the court laughing, smiling and joking. He is extremely clever to have done all this without arousing any suspicion and win over the court days after the death of the former King. Claudius ability to manipulate is obvious. Claudius’ talent for influencing and manipulating people continues throughout he play, showing a theme common in many villains. In Star Wars, The Emperor is a villain who desires power and is truly evil. Claudius desires power and kills his brother to have it. The Emperor shares the ability to manipulate others, instead of killing a foe he would try to influence them to join him. However the greatest evil quality that The Emperor and Claudius have in common is their emotionless reaction to the suffering they cause to others. When Claudius drives Ophelia mad through ignoring her and abusing her he is then comfortable to use her to manipulate Laertes. The Emperor shows no concern when he destroys a planet and it’s population. Claudius also puts people down, an already depressed Hamlet is one of his targets. â€Å"‘Tis sweet and commendable† Claudius ignores how Hamlet is feeling about the death of his father. Saying someone’s mourning is ‘commendable’ is insulting. He continues to put Hamlet down by again ignoring how Hamlet feels and telling him to cheer up, â€Å"‘Tis fault to heaven, A fault against the dead, a fault to nature† Claudius continues to repeat the word fault making Hamlet feel his mourning is wrong. Claudius has good qualities in him that are unusual in villains. He makes an attempt to repent â€Å"My stronger guilt defeats my strong intent† but he feels he cannot be forgiven because his sin is too great. Villains like Iago form Othello and Ming the Merciless both show no conscience at all. Claudius is also spiritual in the way that he understands God and knows what sin is. Spirituality isn’t something a truly evil villain has. Claudius shows caring and feels affection for Gertrude â€Å"She is so conjunctive to my life and soul† an incredible thing to say about someone, he shows a love for Gertrude. â€Å"O, my offence is rank, it smells to heaven† Claudius knows that the things he has done are absolutely awful. He uses a disgusting word to describe his actions, the word rank. A villain of real evil wouldn’t have such a conscience. This shows Claudius not to be evil at his core. Claudius does not fully repent. Because he knows that he doesn’t really mean his apology, â€Å"Words without thoughts never to heaven go† Claudius is not an evil character. He does disgraceful things and harms people but he does not gain pleasure from hurting people, something truly evil. He does the evil acts because of the results, in his case power. Claudius’ deliberate ignorance of emotion and ability to manipulate shows him to be disgusting and harmful. Claudius is a treacherous, lecherous, kindles villain but not remorseless. Although he did not repent because of his greed he tried to and it is because of this he is not an evil person. Claudius is however an awful person who deserves no sympathy. Hamlet’s opinion of Claudius isn’t far from the truth.

Private and Public Security

To begin, I will state that public security and private security need each other to survive in their fields. Unfortunately, public security or state police officers, don't usually have enough personnel nor can they be everywhere all over town. There Just isn't enough man power. Public safety gets paid by taxpayers to patrol their neighborhoods, schools, large banks, airports etc. They don't have the time or people to Just hang around certain neighborhoods all day and night or small businesses. This is where they benefit from public security and their unique responsibilities.Like everything, sometimes these relationships are like a marriage. Some work and some don't, I guess it depends on demographic and education. I know in Miami, Fl where my husband served a couple of years as a private security officer they got a lot of support when they needed to make an arrest (depending on the neighborhood or gig) but when it came to having the police patrol areas that were hot in between shifts , they were virtually nowhere to be seen. This left them with a lot of work load and relying on their training and personal strategies on how to deal with the days work.My husband said the officers who used to patrol the areas he was in would tell him to rely on his weapon because the cops were Jerks and sometimes took too long to show up to a scene. My husband is a social butterfly. He loves to talk to people and make them laugh and become your friend. I'd say he could be an excellent Disney officer! With this being said, he made it his mission to befriend the counties cops and work with them. In less than 3 months, he was friendly with two cops and had personal contact exchanged.He brought them food whenever he got a chance and looked out when he left his shifts and made sure all was good on his drive back home, grocery store, school etc. They became a mini team and my husband felt very supported by the local public officers. I felt comfort knowing they were a team and my husband had backup out in the real world. My husband's security firm was very small and unrecognized but they had very solid clients. Some of these clients included deiced agencies, high end condominiums, high end bars in downtown, and other good paying residential areas.They had contacts with these kind of places. My mom asked him once why such wealthy condos hired them instead of relying on local police. These were after all, higher tax paying individuals' right? If you know Miami, you know that all homes that were worth millions of dollars in neighborhoods like Cutler Bay don't want to live in Caribbean Blvd near the Turnpike. Every ritzy neighborhood whether residential or commercial, had a low class poor neighborhood r high crime neighborhood border lining it. This is where they come in.Some of these areas police department had this annoying habit of not coming to the crime scene immediately even if you did live in the Vicar neighborhood. This is where private security is compensated a nd supported by the communities and public officers. My husband guarded a hospital branch and condominium from pm to Sam 4 days a week. Cops were not always available to come and make a report about a parking lot light that was out, a missing sign, a loud teenager at the pool, a dog whose winner keeps letting them relieve themselves right in front of some front doors.I am sure that my husband being there responding to these tedious little things that may seem insignificant but are actually relieving a burden off the officers. On the other hand, state and local police were tending to the streets, following up on emergencies and minor incidents, traffic violations, domestic calls etc. They relief their workload and works in their favor to have private officers taking care of other issues within the same community/city. Some people are scared and think that privatized security is eke authorizing vigilantism, I actually recently read that somewhere online.This cannot be proven anywhere in the US. In order to secure our neighborhoods, we must be willing to pay. I mean actually pay out of our pockets. If you are not willing to pay, don't complain about the pudgy grandpa that is napping at Bam instead of securing your investment. You get what you give and it can be a perfect harmony in between public and private agencies especially if they're willing to train together and work together as a united force called for different area codes.

Learned behaviors-feral children and other cultures

Learned behaviors-feral children and other cultures Free Online Research Papers The study of feral children offers evidence that all of our behaviours as human beings is learnt. The feral children were afraid of artificial light, living in the forests they were not used to artificial light, in fact they preferred the darkness they could see more better as they were used to it. They were afraid of humans and kept a good distance and did not show any affection, attraction or curiosity towards humans because the only time they were ever in contact with them, the humans probably had guns and were shooting at the wolfs and seeing the wolfs always keeping a distance between them they did the same. They did not use any tools not even a stick because they lived with wolfs they were not shown how to use any tools. They did not walk upright they walked on both theirs hands and feet because the wolfs walked like that they tried to imitate the wolfs. They did not laugh, sing or show any emotions again as they were with wolfs they didnt learn how to, which is evidence that characteristics such as laughing and singing is learnt. They did not use any language, make any noise or gestures to communicate, they did not point at any thing or directions, or even nod their head in agreement or disagreement. Again as they were living with wolfs they did not speak or communicate in any language because the wolfs didnt speak the feral children did the same. They ate by pushing their faces into the food and drank by lapping from a bowl. The feral children imitated how the wolfs would eat they would eat live animals. All the characteristics and behaviours the feral children portrayed were all learnt. The study of feral children shows how important the environment and surroundings are and who your brought up by makes a huge difference. One planet, different world. By the Indian tribe offering and making tea it shows how it is a common practice offering tea to your guests, although in different societies it might be done in different ways such as offering sweets instead of tea, The significance is not the tea but in offering the tea, it is a way of expressing glad tidings to your guest that they are welcome. By the Indian tribe walking naked, It should not be seen as something strange or peculiar because to them it is normal it might be due to the hot weather but you must understand they have always seen each other naked all the time so for them to see someone not naked would be strange. For them it is normal. Research Papers on Learned behaviors-feral children and other culturesEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenGenetic Engineering19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyAnalysis Of A Cosmetics AdvertisementHip-Hop is ArtThe Spring and AutumnThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UseWhere Wild and West MeetThe Hockey Game

Adult Learning Assumptions

Adult Learning Assumptions Six Key Assumptions Provided by Knowles Knowles’s work is narrowed to the analysis of theories of adult learning. His concept of andragogy is the most well-known theory of adult development. Hence, the scope of Knowles (2005) model is based on the six basic assumptions concerning adults and their attitude to learning:Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Adult Learning Assumptions specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Adults are more self-directed rather than dependent; The main resource for learning is constant accumulation of experience; Their desire to acquire knowledge and to learn is predetermined by their social roles; Adult are considered to be more subject-oriented rather problem-oriented in the course of learning; They believe that internal motivations are less powerful as compared with the external ones; Finally, it is important for adult learners to know why it is crucial to learn something (Knowles et al., 2005). All these assumptions are considered to be critical for designing effective educational models for adult learners. Analysis of the Assumptions with Regard to Other Critical Evaluations The above-presented assumptions have been reviewed and evaluated by other scholars engaged into the study of adult learning, including various theories and models. Merriam et al. (2007) agree with some assumptions provided by Knowles. In particular, the researchers single out three main methods for transformational learning: development, experience and critical reflection. They also consider experience as an important factor for creating a great opportunity for adult learners. MacKeracher (2004) also assumers that â€Å"Knowles clearly succeeded in encouraging adult educators to be more critically reflective about their assumptions about adult learners and adult learning† (p. 24). Despite the fact that some assumptions are quite logical and consistent, Merriam et al. (2007) con tend that Knowles succeeded only in introducing a teaching theory rather than the model for adult learning. In particular, they state that there is an ambiguity in Knowles’s assumptions concerning the theory orientation. In particular, they believe that it is hard to define whether this theory is designed for teaching or learning, for adults or for children. Knowles’s Two Assumptions That Almost Wrong Much critics and discontent is connected with his assumptions about adults orientation on subjects and their readiness to move from dependence to self-directed approaches to learning. Therefore, the first and the fourth assumptions are considered to be wrong and this can also be proven by other scholarly researches in this field.Advertising Looking for research paper on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Hence, as it has been mentioned before, MacKeracher (2004) presupposes that these assumptions a re quite controversial. In particular he believes that â€Å"[t]he change from ‘self-directed’ to ‘increasing self-directness’ and from ‘problem centered’ to ‘performance-centered’ did not satisfy those who saw the Knowles’ distinction between child and adult learning as being based on assumptions that would not hold up under close scrutiny’† (pp. 23-24). Second, the falsity of assumption also lies in some psychological characteristic of a person. Hence, some adults are not self-directed because they need some support and guidance in learning, whereas there are children who are internally directed and independent in learning (Comings, Garner, and Smith, p. 203). Knowles’ Two Assumptions That are Almost Right With regard to the studies and theories examined by scholars (Merriam et al. 2007, MacKeracher, 2004, Comings et al. 2004), the second and the third assumptions are considered to be quite consistent and appropriate for andragogical learning conceptions. All of them agree with the assumption that experience is reservoir of knowledge and the main underpinning of a learning process. Merriam et al. (2007) believe that a person’s accumulated experience provide relevant and effective opportunities and is closely connected with the learning process. The researchers also believe that experience is a significant aspect affecting adult learners’ ability to obtain, accumulate, and transfer knowledge. According to MacKeracher (2004), â€Å"Adults accumulate experience and prior learning over their lifetime, the older they grow, the more past experience and prior learning they bring to bear on current learning† (p. 33). Interpreting this, the researcher completely agrees with the fact that experience is the main underpinning for learners’ development. More importantly, experience is the source for creating and developing strategies and skills for reflecting and o rganizing reaction and interaction in the present. Coming et al. (2004) support Knowles’s third assumption about the influence of social context on the learning process. The scholars insist on the fact that contextual environment play a decisive role in adults development and knowledge accumulation (Coming et al, 2004, 209).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Adult Learning Assumptions specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Indeed, context based learning can tale place in the working environment where adults are interacting, becoming the parts of community. Therefore, the result of adults’ learning development largely depends on the social environment they are surrounded by as well as social roles adults perform. Conclusion Knowles’s (2005) assumptions about adult learning have created a plethora of contradictions that have been critically accepted by other scholars. Hence, his assumptions about adults’ self-directed orientation and problem-centered method of learning have not been supported by the other researcher. This is explained by arguments correlated with psychological development of individuals. However, his arguments about experience and social role have been widely accepted by the scholars. In particular, they believe that social environment and experience accumulation are the main pillars for adult learners’ development and knowledge acquisition. Reference List Knowles, M. S., Holton, E. F., and Swanson, R. (2005). The Adult Learner: the definite classic in adult education and human resource development. US: Butterworth-Heinemann. MacKeracher, D. (2004). Making sense of adult learning. US: University of Toronto Press. Merriam, S. B., Caffarella, R. S., Baumgartner, L. M. (2007). Learning in adulthood: A comprehensive guide. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Coming, J. Garner, B., and Smith C. (2004). Review of Adult Learning and Literacy: Connecting Rese arch, Policy and Practice: A Project of the National Center for the Study of Adult Learning and Literacy. NJ: Routledge.Advertising Looking for research paper on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More

Conjugating the French Verb Soutenir (to Support)

Conjugating the French Verb Soutenir (to Support) Soutenir  (to support, to give support to, to defend, to maintain) is a  common French verb that belongs to one of the groups within  irregular  -ir  verbs  that display some conjugation patterns: a first group  of verbs that are conjugated like partir; a second group conjugated like verbs ending in  -llir,  -frir,   or -vrir;  almost all of which are conjugated like regular -er verbs; and a third group ending in -enir, such as  tenir (to hold)  and venir  (to come), which follow a shared conjugation pattern in the present tense. The verb soutenir belongs to the third group of irregular -ir verbs ending in -enir that are conjugated like tenir and venir.  Note that the conjugations in the table at the bottom of the page are only those for simple tenses; compound conjugations of soutenir, which include a form of the auxiliary verb  avoir  and the past participle  soutenu, are not included. Theres one major difference in the compound tenses of tenir, venir, and their derivatives: Tenir and its derivatives use avoir as their auxiliary verb, while venir and most of its derivatives use  Ãƒ ªtre. There are many verbs conjugated like these two major French verbs. Other FRENCH VERBS ENDING IN -TENIR Verbs that end in  -tenir  are all conjugated the same way.  They all  take  avoir  as their auxiliary verb. sabstenir  Ã‚  to refrain, abstain fromappartenir  Ã‚  to belong tocontenir  Ã‚  to containdà ©tenir  Ã‚  to detainentretenir  Ã‚  to look after, support, foster, keep alivemaintenir  Ã‚  to maintainobtenir   to obtainretenir  Ã‚  to retaintenir  Ã‚  to hold, keep FRENCH VERBS ENDING IN -VENIR Most verbs that end in  -venir  use  Ãƒ ªtre  as their auxiliary verb. A few, such as  circonvenir, prà ©venir, and  se souvenir  (see  below) use  avoir. advenir  Ã‚  to happencirconvenir  Ã‚  to circumvent, get aroundcontrevenir  Ã‚  to contraveneconvenir  Ã‚  to suit, be suitabledevenir  Ã‚  to becomeintervenir  Ã‚  to interveneparvenir  Ã‚  to reach, achieveprà ©venir  Ã‚  to warnprovenir  Ã‚  to come from, be due torevenir  Ã‚  to come backse souvenir de  Ã‚  to remembersubvenir  Ã‚  to provide forsurvenir  Ã‚  to occur, take placevenir to come Expressions and Examples With Soutenir Sa prà ©sence ma beaucoup soutenue dans cette à ©preuve. His presence was a great comfort to me in this ordealTu  soutiens toujours ta fille contre moi  !   You always side with your daughter against me !soutenir une à ©quipe   to be a fan of  / to support a sports teamJe pense que nous sommes libres mais elle soutient le contraire.  Ã‚  I think that were free but she claims (that) the opposite is true.Il soutient que tu mens.   He keeps saying that youre a liar.soutenir la comparaison avec  Ã‚  to stand  / to bear comparison withsoutenir un sià ¨ge  militaire   to withstand a siegesoutenir sa thà ¨se  Ã‚  to defend ones thesisse soutenir (reciprocal pronominal)   to stand by each other,  to stick togetherse soutenir (intransitive pronominal) to hold oneself up,  to support oneselfLe vieillard narrivait plus se soutenir sur ses jambes. The old mans legs could no longer support  /  carry him.Elle se soutenait avec peine.   She could hardly stay upright. HOW TO MEMORIZE FRENCH VERB CONJUGATIONS Tip:  Concentrate on the most useful tenses (prà ©sent, imparfait, passà © composà ©) and get used to  using them in context. Once youve mastered them, move on to the rest. Training with an audio source may also be helpful. There are many liaisons, elisions, and modern glidings used with French verbs, and the written form may mislead you such that you end up using the wrong pronunciation. Simple Conjugations of the Irregular French -ir Verb Soutenir Present Future Imperfect Present participle je soutiens soutiendrai soutenais soutenant tu soutiens soutiendras soutenais il soutient soutiendra soutenait nous soutenons soutiendrons soutenions vous soutenez soutiendrez souteniez ils soutiennent soutiendront soutenaient Pass compos Auxiliary verb avoir Past participle soutenu Subjunctive Conditional Pass simple Imperfect subjunctive je soutienne soutiendrais soutins soutinsse tu soutiennes soutiendrais soutins soutinsses il soutienne soutiendrait soutint soutnt nous soutenions soutiendrions soutnmes soutinssions vous souteniez soutiendriez soutntes soutinssiez ils soutiennent soutiendraient soutinrent soutinssent Imperative tu soutiens nous soutenons vous soutenez

How should a person be Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

How should a person be - Essay Example In real life, Margaux is a painter, and she is a close friend of Sheila. Therefore, it emerges that Sheila Heti, the author of this novel, used real characters in her novel. Hence, this novel can be considered to include both fiction and non-fiction. This therefore, is among some of the most interesting aspects of this novel. I love reading autobiographical novels. This novel offers a touch of autobiography, thus, is a good read to me. Reading some parts of this novel might feel like reading the diary of an individual. Additionally, considering the fact that the experiences shared in this novel might be real-life experiences, this makes the novel to be more interesting. Since this novel bears elements of autobiography, a major aspect is the use of transcribed conversations between Sheila and other characters. There are also many emails that are shared in this novel. This kind of style is quite unique in most novels, therefore, makes this novel to stand out from others. The author of this novel was creative in the way she developed this novel, including the style. Nonetheless, this novel primarily explores the life of Sheila and her friends. In the novel, it is clear that Sheila thinks about how she ought to conduct and run her life. This therefore, gives the meaning of the title of the novel. Sheila attempts to unveil how a person should be, by exploring different details of her life, including those of her friends. Therefore, the storyline of this novel is all about relationships, work, and pursuits of the characters. Nonetheless, the different parts of the novel have different levels of interest to any reader. While some parts are interesting, a reader might find others boring. Additionally, some parts are complicated while others have a simple flow. Furthermore, some parts of the novel are very well written, as compared to others. Additionally, some parts of the novel are quite insightful, and a reader might learn a few ideas and lessons. Nonet heless,

A Human Disorder, Involving Dysregulation of Epigenetic Mechanisms Essay

A Human Disorder, Involving Dysregulation of Epigenetic Mechanisms - Essay Example A lot of people having this condition are born with an aperture in the abdomen wall that facilitates the protrusion of the abdominal organs through the navel. Many infants with BWS have tongues that are abnormally long (macroglossia) which can interfere with swallowing, breathing, and speaking. BWS’s other features include abdominal organs that are abnormally large (viscreromegaly), pits or creases in the skin near the ears, kidney abnormalities, and low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) in infant (Baum, et al, 2007 pg 78). The genetic causes of BWS are complex. It results from regulation of genes that is abnormal in a given region of chromosome 11. People usually inherit a single copy of this chromosome from each parent. In many genes of chromosome 11, each of the two copies of the genes is expressed (turned on) in the cells. However, for some genes, only the gene inherited from the father (paternal copy) is expressed while for some, the copy inherited from the mother (maternal copy) is the only one expressed. These parent specific differences in the expression of the gene are caused by genomic imprinting phenomenon. Abnormalities which involve genes on chromosome 11 that experience genomic imprinting are the cause of many cases of BWS. Typically, half of the cases are at least caused by changes in the methylation process. In genes that experience genomic imprinting, methylation is among the ways that parents of the gene of the origin are marked at the time of the creation of the egg and sperm cells.

Discussion 4 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Discussion 4 - Essay Example He established a new social hierarchy system. This was different from what prevailed in the time of his predecessors. His new social hierarchy was based on talent and he himself chose the most able generals, scientists, wealthy men and former nobles as senators. He also introduced a new system of hierarchy of noble titles. These titles could be inherited but they had also had to be supported with wealth. Able and favored generals were often rewarded with estates in conquered territories. He also appointed his sons to exotic positions. His most impressive and long last achievement was the introduction of Civil Code also called Napoleonic Code that was completed in 1804. Under the code property rights, religious freedom and uniform laws of Freedom provided equal treatment for adult males but reduced the rights of women, children and employees. On the battle ground, he went way beyond his predecessors. He did not imply that war, the leader must memorize all the details of past wars and emulate the completely, for instance those fought by Alexander, Hannibal, Ceasar, Turenne, and Frederick the Great. Napoleon was not a greater innovator as a soldier himself. Infact, he did not trust ideas, precisely why he disbanded the balloon companies inherited from the Armies of the Revolution and rejected Rover Fulton’s offer of submarines and naval mines.

Understanding of Change Concepts Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Understanding of Change Concepts - Research Paper Example Understanding of Change Concepts In addition to, if the change managers in an organization are dysfunctional, this will hinder the probability of successful change. This paper explains theories that can be adopted to monitor and evaluate the change process in an organization. The Drivers of Change There has been a paradigm shift in organizational change as from a gradual to a continuous process. Continous change means that there new things happening in a never ending fashion. It is therefore imperative for firms to develop a culture that facilititates the exploitation of change as a competitive advantage. Change is driven by three aspects which include extensive globalization, technological advancements and growing customer expectations. Globalization leads to increased competitition, exposure to global economic presssure and more complicated trade policies. With regards to technological advances, companies should keep up with the changes in their respective industries and changes in the market trends. Finally, ther e has been an increase in customers’ expections owing to growing customer awareness and value for money. The Grieving Model for Change This model was brought forward by Elisabeth Kubler-Ross who asserts that change evokes emotions similar to those experienced during the grieving process. Her work of the grieving process draws numerous equivalents to change. Basicallly, the grieving process goes through five main steps which are denial, anger, bargaining, depression as well as acceptance. (Kubler-Ross & Kessler, 2007). Change managers must acknowledge that the change process may have a stressful effect on staff members. There are common cases of employee resistance and this calls for managers to prepare them suitably for the change(Kubler-Ross & Kessler, 2007). It has been noted that during the change process the employees are predisposed to concentrate too much on process characteristic s forgetting the impacts of change. Managing this requires outstanding and practiced leade rship skills. Cohen’s Concepts of Organizational Change Preparedness Risk taking is an inherent feature of leaders in the 21st century , most importantly when dealing with change. Nevertheless, leaders are highly cautioned to undertake in calculated and cautious risk taking when handling change (Cohen, 2005; Judge, 2012). Change leaders must ensure that the company has the right resources and is well prepared for the change. The leaders should so see to it that the process goes through the stipulate stages for successful completion. Judge’s Organizational Capacity for Change This model which defines the aspects of an organization’s capacity for change is based on the idea that leaders should concentrate on innovation for the future as well as be skilled at responding to issues facing companies in the contemporary world (Judge, 2012). It has been observed that although leaders have the necessary skills, they lack the necessary innovation approaches. It is imperat ive for change managers to be spontaneous and readily adjust to the change the determines success of the organization. Change leaders should be in a position to manage the eight dimensions of leadership that are important for effective change management. The first four dimensions focus on human skills while the last four focus on practices within the organization. The eight dimensions include: trustworthy leaders, cooperative followers, capable champions, systems

Performance appraisal policies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Performance appraisal policies - Essay Example Walmart, Google and Apple are very reputed companies in the global market and hold a significant place in the list of Fortune 500 companies. Discussing about the performance appraisal of these companies this can be said that Walmart is using performance appraisal system for the purpose of evaluation. The management of this company has set four standards which are below standard, above standard, standard and outstanding performance. According to these levels they are evaluating the productiveness of their employee’s performance in the organizational activities. New joiners are received two times evaluation at the first fiscal year and other employees receive the same one time in a year. Management has decided that all employees should spend at least 6 months at their current position before getting any kind of promotion. The employees who are giving outstanding performance in the organization can receive monetary reward at any time in a financial year. Compensation and benefit are structured according to the performance evaluation of every employees and it can differ from person to person (Armstrong, 2006). Again in case of Apple Inc. this can be said that this company does not provide any kind of guarantee for lifelong employment opportunities without standard performance. So management of this company always focuses on this fact that employees should take responsibilities to achieve target growth to survive in this company. The company has set organization centric goals and target to recruit only qualified and skilled persons in the respective fields. The management of the company is doing performance appraisal of its employees on annual basis and high performers are getting exclusive rewards for their performances. The company is paying a variety of incentives to its employees such as long term care insurance, employee

Understanding of Change Concepts Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Understanding of Change Concepts - Research Paper Example Understanding of Change Concepts In addition to, if the change managers in an organization are dysfunctional, this will hinder the probability of successful change. This paper explains theories that can be adopted to monitor and evaluate the change process in an organization. The Drivers of Change There has been a paradigm shift in organizational change as from a gradual to a continuous process. Continous change means that there new things happening in a never ending fashion. It is therefore imperative for firms to develop a culture that facilititates the exploitation of change as a competitive advantage. Change is driven by three aspects which include extensive globalization, technological advancements and growing customer expectations. Globalization leads to increased competitition, exposure to global economic presssure and more complicated trade policies. With regards to technological advances, companies should keep up with the changes in their respective industries and changes in the market trends. Finally, ther e has been an increase in customers’ expections owing to growing customer awareness and value for money. The Grieving Model for Change This model was brought forward by Elisabeth Kubler-Ross who asserts that change evokes emotions similar to those experienced during the grieving process. Her work of the grieving process draws numerous equivalents to change. Basicallly, the grieving process goes through five main steps which are denial, anger, bargaining, depression as well as acceptance. (Kubler-Ross & Kessler, 2007). Change managers must acknowledge that the change process may have a stressful effect on staff members. There are common cases of employee resistance and this calls for managers to prepare them suitably for the change(Kubler-Ross & Kessler, 2007). It has been noted that during the change process the employees are predisposed to concentrate too much on process characteristic s forgetting the impacts of change. Managing this requires outstanding and practiced leade rship skills. Cohen’s Concepts of Organizational Change Preparedness Risk taking is an inherent feature of leaders in the 21st century , most importantly when dealing with change. Nevertheless, leaders are highly cautioned to undertake in calculated and cautious risk taking when handling change (Cohen, 2005; Judge, 2012). Change leaders must ensure that the company has the right resources and is well prepared for the change. The leaders should so see to it that the process goes through the stipulate stages for successful completion. Judge’s Organizational Capacity for Change This model which defines the aspects of an organization’s capacity for change is based on the idea that leaders should concentrate on innovation for the future as well as be skilled at responding to issues facing companies in the contemporary world (Judge, 2012). It has been observed that although leaders have the necessary skills, they lack the necessary innovation approaches. It is imperat ive for change managers to be spontaneous and readily adjust to the change the determines success of the organization. Change leaders should be in a position to manage the eight dimensions of leadership that are important for effective change management. The first four dimensions focus on human skills while the last four focus on practices within the organization. The eight dimensions include: trustworthy leaders, cooperative followers, capable champions, systems

Forensic Science and Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Forensic Science and Law - Essay Example If there are no exceptional circumstances, the prosecution should not attempt to introduce such evidence. A judge would also consider whether there were any dissimilar characteristics between the print and that taken from the accused, and the size, quality and clarity of the print relied upon [R v Buckley1]. On the authority of an insp0ector, which can only be given where the officer has reasonable grounds for believing the suspect is involved in a criminal offence and the fingerprints will tend to confirm or disprove his involvement or facilitate the ascertainment of his identity. An authorization may only be given for the facilitating the ascertainment of the person’s identity where the person has either refused to identify themselves or the authorizing officer has reasonable grounds to suspect they are not who they claim to be. Fingerprints may also be taken from a person convicted of a reasonable offence or cautioned, warned or reprimanded in respect of such an offence. Subsection (2) replaces the existing provisions about the taking of fingerprints on the authority of an inspector with a wider power to take fingerprints from any person detained in consequence of his arrest for a reasonable offence. The existing requirements to give a person whose fingerprints are taken without consent reasons for doing so and for recording the reason as soon as practical applies to the new power. This amendment to Section 61 of PACE 1984 will prevent persons who come in to police custody and who may be wanted on a warrant or for questioning on other matters from avoiding detection by giving the police a false name and address. Using Livescan technology, which enables the police to take fingerprints electronically and which is linked to the national fingerprint database (NAFIS), the police will be able to confirm a person’s identity whilst he is still in police detention if his fingerprints have been taken previously.

Heaters Essay Example for Free

Heaters Essay As the name implies, heaters are those thermostatically controlled devices that are employed for heating matter i.e. solid, liquid and gas. In the past, humans could not think of the ease to cook, wash, manufacture, melt, wash, which is present these days. The availability of clean water is possible due to the arrival of heaters. The modernization in industrial sector became possible due to the complex heating units functioning day and night. From domestic usage of washing, bathing, cooking, drinking, space-heating, to offices, from commercial utilization to car-heating, and of course, the processing and manufacturing in industrial setting, the heating has brought convenience never imagined. Also with the inception of HVAC technology (Heating Ventilating and Air-Conditioning), heaters have been extensively used. The use of liquid and gaseous fuels has increased the demand of heating elements so much so that advancement in the field of heaters has been categorized into low, medium and high temperature processes. Therefore, numerous types of heaters have been invented to satisfy the ever growing needs of space-heating, liquid heating, or industrial heating. Depending upon the nature of the fuel or energy being employed, the heaters are mainly classified as: Natural Gas Heaters: Also known as LPG Heaters are highly desirable for space-heating of larger volumes. These efficient heaters have the operating principle of Bunsen burner.   Electric Heaters: These heaters utilize a resistor for conversion of electrical energy into heat by Joule’s principle. The 100% efficient heaters are perfectly safe for live beings, since they do not affect the quality of air. These popular heaters are available in either Convection form or Radiator one. Oil filled/Diesel heaters: Expensive running heaters are still used because of the high thermal capacity. Hence for boiling systems and for other numerous industrial purposes, Oil filled heaters have proven to be the ideal choice (Lamb, Eddie, 2010). Solar heaters: Solar thermal collectors and photo voltaic cells combine to form solar heaters. These heaters store sunlight and then produce electricity from it for heating purposes. Infra red heaters:   The transference of energy takes place when electromagnetic waves are emitted from a hotter body to a less hot one. The amount of heat transference is a function of temperature of hotter body. The history of the electric heater dates back to around the late 1800s, during which Thomas Edison created the light bulb. In fact, Thomas Edison is credited with inventing the first electric heater in around 1882-1883. He discovered that passing current through a large resistance would evolve heat, as the material would get hotter. The heater was part of his three-way distribution system to provide light, heat and power to homes (Beals, Gerard, 1996). The gas heater was invented round about Edison invented the electric heater. An year after the invention of the Bunsen burner, the company Petit and Smith first commercialized the gas heater in 1856. However, this heater was crude and very inefficient, as air was directly heated and the volume of air heated was very small which meant that only the immediate surroundings were heated. The first real, efficient gas heater was invented in 1881 by Sigismund Leoni, a British engineer. Instead of heating air, he heated asbestos, which could be heated to a higher temperature and then heat the surroundings. The electric heater relies on the basic principle of electricity that passing a current through a large resistance increases the temperature of the conductor, which thereby heats the surroundings. This is known as the â€Å"Joules Principle†. Electric heaters work on the same principle, using a large coil of wire to heat the surrounding air, and a fan in the heater propels the hot air out into the surroundings. Gas heaters on the other hand, use the heat from the burning of natural gas or liquefied petroleum gas to heat a mass of solid, usually fire clay or other refractory material to heat the surrounding air, and then fanned out. Indoors however, the direct method of heating the air via the heat produced from burning the gas is used. Convection currents are then set up which help to transfer the heat to the surroundings. The development of the heater can be seen as significant progress in the history of mankind. The invention of the heater means that people can now live in a cold environment without causing much discomfort or harm. Industries are now able to provide the specific temperatures needed for industrial processes which can increase the efficiency of the process, minimize the costs incurred, and decrease the power consumption, thereby saving energy. As heaters become more and more popular, individuals and companies are constantly finding new ways to provide better, economical, and eco-friendly ways to provide heating. This means that new technologies are being invented, which helps better the society and living conditions of man. Heaters are one of the inventions which have a myriad of uses. Heaters allow humans to live in cold conditions where it was dangerous to live in i.e. researchers in Antarctica can live there the whole year round due to heaters. They allow for industrial processes which require a high temperature, which would not have been possible previously as advances in technology increase, it maybe possible for heaters to become smaller, more compact, and so more efficient in the near future.

The Primary Method Of Maintaining Organizational Culture Commerce Essay

The Primary Method Of Maintaining Organizational Culture Commerce Essay Explain the primary methods of maintaining organizational culture. What can management do to create a more ethical culture? Organizational Culture refers to the shared values, beliefs and assumptions of how members of an organization are expected to behave The values that characterize an organisation. In essence, how an organization functions and gives meaning to its way of doing things is the purpose and function of culture, and this helps to foster internal integration, bring staff members from all levels of the organization much closer together, and enhances their performance. It is sometimes argued that an organizations current customs, traditions and general way of doing things can be due to what it has done before and the successes experienced. Culture is believed to always mainly go through a three way creation process, which starts with the recruitment stage, where management employs individuals who think and feel the way they do. The recruits are then indoctrinated and soci alized according to the way of thinking and feeling of the organization. And the third stage is where managements own behaviors act as a role model that encourages employees to identify with them thereby internalizing their beliefs, values and assumptions. This is why the founders of an organization traditionally have a major impact on that organizations early culture. Also, as much as culture-creation is important, much of the work usually lie with managements strategies in place to maintain the existing culture. 2.0 Methods of maintaining organizational culture As already mentioned, culture creation is one thing and its maintenance is another. Once the culture has been established and recognized in an organization, there are certain practices within the organization that should act to support and maintain it. These practices are deemed crucial to the maintenance of culture and they include the selection practices of management, actions of the top management team, and socialization methods. The selection process includes identifying and hiring individuals who have the knowledge, skills and abilities to perform the jobs within the organization successfully. This process provides information to applicants about the organization. With the information available, candidates will be able to learn about the organization and, if they perceive a conflict between their values and those of the organization they can quit out of the selected pool. Also, actions of the executive management team have a major impact on the organizations culture. Most times an organizations executive management team establishes norms that filter down through the organization through what they say, as to whether risk taking is desirable; how much freedom managers should give their employees; what is considered an appropriate dress; what actions will pay off in terms of pay rises, promotions and other rewards. But no matter how good a job the organization does in recruiting and selecting new employees, th ese employees will always find it difficult to be fully indoctrinated in the organizations culture if there is no appropriate socialization and this has to do with the third aspect. In essence, the organization would want new employees to adapt to its culture. Socialization involving adaptation is when the organization tries to mold an outsider into an employee. This action further contributes towards the maintenance of an organizational culture. 3.0 How Management can create a more Ethical Culture The culture-creation stage is very important to any organization. How management create a more ethical culture is crucial to the sustainability of the organizational culture. Like I mentioned earlier, the process of culture-creation is believed to happen in three ways. But in all of these, management plays a leading role. Most times employees behaviors are primarily influenced by the behaviors of an organizations management team. From the onset, management can reduce ethical ambiguities through appropriate communications to the employees, the organizations code of ethics and ethical expectations. This code of ethics is expected to include the organizations primary values and the ethical rules that employees are expected to follow. Additionally, management can provide training on ethical issues which can be used to reinforce the organizations standards of conduct, to make certain clarifications on the does and donts and to address possible ethical dilemmas. It is important that management consider rewards to employees for good ethical acts and likewise punish for nonconformance. These actions of management most times prove successful in helping to create a more ethical culture in organization. Question 2: Define the merits of the Mckinsey 7-S Framework for use as an assessment tool and discuss what you think is missing in the basic 7-S Framework. Answer 1.0 Introduction The Mckinsey 7-S framework is an assessment tool developed to diagnose the causes of organizational problems and to formulate programs for improvement. What this model is saying is that for an organization to perform well, there are seven elements that needs to be aligned and mutually reinforced. The model helps to identify what needs to be realigned to improve performance. This 7-S framework model was first mentioned in a publication titled, Art of Japanese Management by Richard Pascale and Anthony Athos in 1981 whiles they were investigating how Japanese industries had been successful. Around this same time, two leading management consultants, Tom Peters and Robert Waterman of the Mckinsey Company Consulting Firm were also exploring what made a company excellent. Out of the works of these four scholars, the 7-S model was eventually born. After it reappeared in Peters and Watermans famous publication, In Search of Excellence, it was taken up as a basic tool by the Global Management Consultancy Company Mckinsey. Ever since then, it became the famous Mckinsey 7-S Model. This model involves the seven interdependent factors outlined below. Shared Values (also known as superordinate goals) The shared values element refers to the central beliefs and attitudes of the organization what the organization stands for, its core values and its corporate/team culture. Shared values or superordinate goal are the core values of the company that are evidenced in the corporate culture and the general work ethic. These goals are the fundamental ideas around which a business is built. They can also be seen as the blood notions for future directions of the organization. Placing superordinate goals at the center of the model indicates that these values crucial to the elements of all the other critical elements. The companys structure, strategy, staff, styles and skills all stem from why the organization was originally created and what it stands for. This is because the initial vision of the company was formed from the values of the creator and as the values change it affects the other elements also. Structure (how the organization is structured) This element explains how the company/team is divided, how the team members organize and align themselves, the communication lines, and the organizational hierarchy. In such, the structure element refers to the way in which the organizations units relate to each other. It has to do primarily with arrangements about report relationships, line of communication, rules and procedures which exist to guide the various activities performed by various hierarchical position in the organizational structure. It more or less refers to the formal relationship among various positions and activities performed in the organization. Strategy How an organization intends to achieve its objective is very important. Also, how its strategies are adjusted for environmental issues and to deal with competitive pressure is equally important. Strategy here refers to plans for the allocation of a firms scarce resources over time to reach desired goals. Strategies are long-term objectives of the organization devised to maintain and build competitive advantage over the competition. Style (style of leadership adopted in an organization) The style of leadership in any organization is also crucial to the success of that organization. This specifically refers to the cultural style of the organization and how key managers behave to achieving the organizational goals. It is the pattern of the management team and the tool they use to bring about organizational changes. Staff (employees and their general capabilities) Also important is the staffing issue. This refers to the number and type of personnel used by the organization. Staffing is the process of acquiring human resources for the organization and assuring that they have the potential to contribute to the achievement of the organizational goals. It involves the selection, placement, training and development of appropriate and qualified employees. Systems It is always important to consider the systems that run an organization as vital in the 7-S model. This shows the procedures, processes and routines that characterize how the work is done in the organization. Every organization has a system of operation. It refers to the rules, regulations, procedures that compliment the organization structure. Depending on the size and type of organization, there could be financial system, recruitment, promotion and performance appraisal system, capital budgeting system, training and development system, information system, etc. Skills Skills specifically points out to the distinctive capability of the personnel or the organization as a whole. The strongest skills represented within the company can make a difference in its success. It is important to know whether the current employees/team members have the ability to do the job as expected and how are the skills monitored and assessed to determine whether there are gaps. 2.0 The Seven Elements Categorized As already stated above, the Mckinsey 7-S Model involves seven interdependent factors, which can be categorized as either Hard or Soft elements (see table below). Hard Elements Soft Elements Systems Staff Strategy Shared Values Structure Skills Style 2.0 What is missing in the 7-S Model A careful study of the Mckinsey 7-S Model reveals that it only provides an internal analysis of an organization. That means, the external environment is not mentioned in the 7-S model. Question 3: How can you personally reduce prejudice in this world? Discuss the problems of prejudice in the work place and provide one example of how you can change this. Answer 1.0 Introduction Prejudice refers to a situation where one makes a basic facts are available. It is a discriminatory attitude that keeps people from dealing with a person or a situation objectively. That is, it blocks your objectivity and causes you to see things not as they are. Today, prejudice in any form, racial or social, is destructive and costly to society and hence every effort must be made to reduce it if not eliminate it. 2.0 How we can personally reduce Prejudice in this world There are many ways we can direct efforts to reducing prejudice in the world. Each of us personally have a responsibility to confront prejudice wherever we sense it and do in our own little way to reduce the level of discrimination in our societies. From the above definition, we can start the job by asking certain questions about ourselves, and quiet literally creating a checklist to challenge our own values and views. Whenever we are tempted with this vice, we must pause to ask ourselves the following questions: Is this true? Area all the facts available? Am I over generalizing? Am I focusing on one or two negative aspects instead of considering the whole picture? Am I labeling this group or person unfairly? One will realize at the end of it all that by just making the first step of looking at and questioning the common sense views we hold about people, groups and cultures would be a major step forward in opening our eyes to our own levels of prejudice and challenging the pre-conceptions we hold. There are many other methods of approaching the reduction of prejudicial behavior. One of these has to do with tolerance, which more or less is the appreciation of diversity and the ability to live and let others live. Tolerance refers to our ability to exercise a fair and objective attitude towards those whose opinions, practices, religion, nationality and so on differ from ones own. The approach here is that as individuals, we must continually focus on being tolerant of others in their daily lives. Individuals with religious beliefs can reduce prejudice if they stop following intolerant teachings of religious texts. One example of how we can reduce prejudice in this regard is by reducing our own prejudices thereby reducing prejudice in our communities. Also, our exposure to other cultures, or rather our lack of it, greatly influences our understanding of what is normal behavior and what is not. The fact is that people who strongly identify with their group and have limited exposure to different cultures, people and culture are more likely to consider the values of other groups as alien and therefore be prejudice against them. As an example of how we can help reduce prejudice in this world, we must endeavor to tolerate other cultures that are alien to ours. Others believe that we must try to live as compassionate as possible without sacrificing our principles. 3.0 The problems of prejudice in the work places There are many problems associated with prejudice in our work places. These problems range from racial discrimination to other social issues. In the case of social prejudice, it kills motivation and raises overhead cost of a business. This could be in different forms such as, I am better than them, I come from a better neighborhood, I have a better education and authority and therefore I must make all the decisions, etc. Racial or social prejudice carries a heavy price, lowers efficiency and increases overhead cost. Racial prejudice is more prominent in western countries. In mot cases prejudice create barriers between white-collar and blue-collar employees. One of the harmful things about prejudice in work places is that it kills communications, innovations and many other good attributes that drives a business to success. For instance, departments will limit communication with other departments; craftsmen will consider production workers of low intelligence to name two. At each level, people believe lower levels have low capabilities and this becomes the mindset of the organization. Self-fulfilling prophecy proves everyone right. 3.1 Example of how we can change the problem of prejudice in our work places Lets consider and incident that occurs in one of the outlets of the organization I am working for. It is a health service provider unit that supports health insurance scheme operating in a division within my organization. A patients chart was labeled High Risk in respect of HIV infection and made clearly visible to other patients and other members of staff, an action that the management of our company actually frowned at. On further investigation, we found out that the information had only been put on display because the man was known to be homosexual and so thought of as being at risk from HIV. Everybody, including the nurses started behaving strangely to the patient and in a discriminatory way even before we realized the truth about the matter. I publicly reached out and started encouraging the patient even before I knew the facts. I engaged the patients and it was through this I came to realize that the man was a homosexual and with such information I decided to push for investiga tion on the matter. With this effort the truth was revealed. In another instance, one of our frontline staff at the customer service department had refused to give one of our customers an appropriate attention whilst the man was requesting for his pension payment. Upon inquiry the staff replied to me that he knows the man and that he is a drunker who does not deserve to be treated seriously. Questioning the man, we realized that he knows what he wants and his rights as a customer. After I witnessed a repetition of such behaviors from our frontline staff, I requested Management to design a comprehensive customer service training program for our frontline staff which includes a teaching on how we can reduce prejudice in discharging our official duties. Another effort I am making to change the prejudicial behaviors in our workplaces is through a deliberate effort to encourage colleagues from other religions and tribes. In the case of tribal prejudice, it is so evident in our company but I am making enough effort to reduce it through the making of close friend from other tribes.

My Best Friend Essay -- Friendship Essay Personal Narrative

My Best Friend   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  It was raining the day Mark Turner died. On a dark, rainy summer night, he foolishly got in the passenger side of a 1998 midnight blue Eclipse. His 19 year old cousin Sam, was the driver, and Sam had a little too much to drink that night. At about three in the morning, they were leaving a party that one of Sam's friends threw. They were rushing home, because they already had missed curfew by two hours. Not aware of his surroundings, Sam carelessly got on the wrong side of the road. A speeding pickup was heading right their way. By the time they saw the truck, it was too late. Sam swerved his car to the right. Although they missed hitting the truck by a few inches, the sleet on the road from the rain caused them to go over the rail of a bridge. They were over a 100 feet in the air. Sam died instantly from the impact of the paved concrete below, but their still was a little hope for Mark. Obviously not enough, because he was pronounced dead at approximately 5:38 that morning.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Mark and I grew up in one of those small towns were everybody knew everybody. He lived just two houses down from me. Everything we did, we did together. He knew and understood me like no one else did. He was always there for me through thick and thin. He was the only person who I can say was my best friend. Whenever we got into a fight, I could never be mad at him for more than a day. . We were a team, like Batman and Robin, or Starsky and Hutch, we were blood brothers for li...

Mrs Fields Cookies Essay

Mrs. Fields Cookies was founded by Debbi Fields in the late 1970s. She and her husband Randy Fields opened their first store in 1977 in Palo Alto, California, selling homemade-style cookies which quickly grew in popularity. Products Mrs. Fields Cookies came in 14 varieties. All baked products were made on premises in the individual stores and the company especially focused on the fresh cookies. If the cookies are not sold within two hours, they were given away and discarded. Competitors Mrs. Fields competitors included New York’s David’s Cookies, Atlanta’s Original Great American Chocolate Chip Cookie Company, and the Nestle Company’s Original Cookie Co. Challenges 1. Low barriers to entry and mall locations competition In the early 1980s, cookies were cheap to make and the barriers of sweet snack industry to entry were low. There were many cookies producers and many consumers in the market, and no business had total control over the market price. Because some 80% of Mrs. Fields outlets were in shopping malls, so the competition for the most favorable mall locations was fierce. 2. Franchising Financing and performance of exchange market  Mrs. Fields had consistently refused to franchise their stores, because â€Å"she viewed franchising as a loss of control over the end product and loss of touch with the customers†. To find bank financing and additional capital for expansion, Mrs. Fields tried to go public and made initial public offering on the London exchange in 1986, but this experience was not successful, because buyers did not know the company and did not believe that Mrs. Fields’ business could be sustained growth without franchising. The result was that the stock price rose slowly. Business Strategy Organizational strategy Mrs. Fields had a non-hierarchy organization with decentralized decision making. Typically, there was no official organization chart in company which means Mrs. Fields wanted to take advantage of the intelligence and trust the judgment of employee throughout the company, instead of relying on a small set of decision makers. The employees at Mrs. Fields were given much more responsibilities such as local marketing decisions were made by the regional and district managers, because they needed to be able to respond quickly to the demands of target customers. Mrs. Fields also encouraged employees to be wacky and personable, so that customers feel comfortable purchasing cookies. The company placed high value on employees by using â€Å"promote from within† strategy, employees were rewarded for their performance with a bonus system. Information System strategy Information technology played a very important role at Mrs. Fields. MIS enabled Mrs. Fields to have â€Å"network structure† and use centralized information system out of Utah and distribute it to every store as needed. Mrs. Fields’ approach of information technology was consistent with an ad-hoc cost/benefit analysis. All stores were running under implementation of information systems at Mrs. Fields to promote sales and control labor and cookies cost. Mrs. Fields also believed that it was not necessary to expand staff to accommodate business growth, and smaller groups of people at Mrs. Fields could make decision to solve business problems faster and better if people could work very well with the information technology to develop more new and creative applications, because a useful information system in company could save time and labor cost, and make business operations more accurate, effective and efficient. Operations strategy First, Mrs. Fields used very friendly and organized design style for their stores to attract more customers. Customers always were drawn into the store by the openness of the design and by the aroma of hot cookies fresh from the ovens. Second, sophisticated management information system also played a very important role on the business operations. Store management system designed by Randy and the MIS organization was integrated with each business process for day planning, production schedule, time clocks, store accounting, inventory, interview scheduling, skill testing and electronic mail. Controller at headquarter in Utah was also integrated with system collecting sales information received from all stores. The information system helped controller in generating reports for management review. â€Å"Expanded store† strategy/ diversification strategy From 1980s, Mrs. Fields started a series of acquisitions to expand their businesses including a 119-store French Bakery/sandwich chain, La Pette Boulangerie and Famous Chocolate Chip Company. These acquisitions brought a combination of full lines of both cookies and bakery products and presented an opportunity to carve out a niche in a highly fractionalized market, and the size of the operation constituted an investment barrier to competition. But the same time, the acquisition also brought many of overhead functions into the existing organization, including accounting, finance, personnel, human resources, etc.

Freedom in the Modern World

Freedom in the Modern World Freedom of Choice, Religion and Rights all depends on the amount of Freedom of the Press within a country. Remor J. Gamutan Reg. 1868 August 3, 2011 ENG 101 B – Section 70 B Professor Hans Straub Introduction: Unlike the past, the world today is more united in diversity. Most countries in the modern world, boast unity of people from different cultures and backgrounds with the same nationality. With unity in diversity comes freedom of oppressed races and culture.Freedom is a word most of the young generations are very proud of; however, it is only a theory for some people from Third World countries and non-democratic nations. According to Sudeshna Pal who is an economist at Georgia College and State University, racial tension and other instabilities within a country, such as, crime, religious problems, ethnic clashes and many more, can be solved by giving more freedom to the press. (Bailey, 2011) The media is regarded by many, as a powerful tool to c reate peace within a country, given that journalists have the freedom to write what they need.Creating a free press allows a country’s citizens to not only criticize their government’s activities but also to give them more knowledge about what is happening within their nation, and what they can do to revolutionize it, to improve its situation. Criticism for governments may not be the easiest to handle, especially when it’s coming from the majority of the nation’s people. It could be viewed as futile for some countrymen; nonetheless, it is a positive way of informing the government of what the country needs through the people’s perspective, in addition to theirs. Rummel, 1989) This research highlights the importance of liberty of the press, and its positive correlation to freedom of religion, freedom of choice, rights and overall freedom within a country. This is designed to compare and contrast the prevailing problems of different nations and the a mount of freedom the press have, in relation to the overall rights of the people. Furthermore, I am going to discuss the countries with the least amount of freedom and the countries with the most, in the modern world.My research also provides information about the conditions and factors that contribute to the overall liberty of each citizen within a nation. Freedom of the press: Advantages and disadvantages of Free Media Liberty in the press means that the government does not restrict much of what’s being published, especially the news that they think are politically threatening. All well-established newsmen know the importance of delivering the truth to the people especially the things that relate to politics.According to R. J. Rummel, may it be politically undermining or encouraging, the citizens of a country have the right to know the truth about the activities of their current governments. The reason why freedom of the media is the key to national stability is because the citizens possess the power to suggest or show their perspective and views towards the government and it even promotes revolution if a political party is generally viewed as corrupting the system. Rummel, 1989) This allows a nation’s leaders to work in tandem with the citizens on improving all aspects of the country, and thus eliminating corruption and weak political figures, much like the natural selection in the theory of life. Such great advantages that comes with a free press is common during the â€Å"People’s Power Revolution† in the Philippines, in 1986. As an example of how a nation can be improved through media liberation, the act of revolution by the Filipino’s that year is well documented and known throughout the whole world.This shows that with freedom of the press, the whole nation has access to the true intentions of their leaders and can stand united as one to overthrow him/her. (Delotavo,2006). Through lack of media censorship by the Phili ppine government, the people were well aware of the corruption of its political leaders. Despite the implementation of martial law, underground newspapers were distributed and a â€Å"call† by the Catholic Church for the nation to stand united against one common enemy (the president), was successful.The success of the press united all the Filipinos, which caused an uprising and resulted into the current regime (at that time), being overthrown, in the most non-violent manner. The streets of EDSA and majority of Manila (now Metro Manila), were flooded with millions of people as they sought to remove from power the current president of that time, Pres. Ferdinand Marcos. The people stood united, without any violent act. They were simply chanting words with the intention of pleading the president to step down from power.With cameras feeding live videos of the revolution all over the world, it was inevitable for Marcos to surrender without any reaction. (Delotavo, 2006). Not long a fter Marcos, another president; Pres. Joseph Ejercito Estrada, got taken off from power and sent to jail, through the same process, in retaliation to the alleged â€Å"plunder† that he committed, which has been published by the press. After those incidents, the next generation of political leaders in the Philippines aims to be very truthful and convincing in each of their annual State of the Nation Address (SONA), which is broadcasted live on TV.When the President states his/her plans and report the use of the government funds during the SONA, the entire nation is watching because that date is regarded as a national holiday in the Philippines. Such â€Å"revolution† is common all over the world today, and most countries have freedom of the press for the sole purpose of educating the people and keeping them knowledgeable about current political events. The sharing of non-censored information from the government to its citizens reduces the instabilities within a country. These instabilities are measured in seven ways by Sureshna Pal as â€Å"ethnic tensions, external and internal conflicts, crime and disorder, military preparation in government, and religious tensions. † (Bailey, 2011), as she analyzed the data from 98 countries. She found out from her analysis that a rise in freedom of the press creates a decrease of all the measures of instability within a country. These are the advantages of having a liberal media. According to the, World Public opinion; a report of results from 22 nations released during the International Freedom Day in 2008, most countries prefer freedom of the press.As shown in Fig. 1, most nations, except for majority of the Muslim dominated lands which compose of Egypt, Turkey, Palestine Territories, Iran, Jordan and Indonesia, voted for the idea of press freedom. The average vote for liberty of the press between the 22 countries is 57% while only 35% believed that the government must have the power to censor the medi a from publishing things that could be politically threatening for the government. (World Public Opinion).Most Muslim dominated countries believe that the government has the right of censorship because of the Islamic culture. Islam has a long history of authoritarian tradition, and press restrictions are considered as a right of the government by these countries to â€Å"preserve political stability†. Such stability is not necessarily the overall stability within the country which is described by Pal to be measured in seven different ways, but stability in terms of the people in power. However, this does not mean that such countries do not desire more press freedom.Countries like Egypt, Jordan, Indonesia, and the Palestine Territories are among those Muslim countries who voted that their nations could do better with more liberty of the media as shown in the chart below. Despite these figures and known advantages of having freedom of the press, many can still argue that too mu ch liberty of the media, especially during conflict and war, can be a great disadvantage. This is because the press could be dominantly biased on one opinion, and that simple facts and figures could be manipulated. (World Public Opinion)According to K. A Soxman’s article, TMI, Tet and the Media, most of the American people who are in the USA during the Vietnam War were easily persuaded that USA was going to lose the war, and many American soldiers have already died. The latter was in fact the truth; however, the media were convincing enough that the American citizens assumed that reports from the press were 100% accurate. This resulted in to a lack of support to the soldiers in Vietnam from the USA, and the majority of the American people sought the return of the soldiers back home.The press were biased against the war and reported that the Tet offensive was a lost battle where in fact, US soldiers have won that fight and could have, arguably, carried on to ultimately win the war. (Soxman, 1980). The same happened during the war in Iraq. Since the tragedy of 9/11, rumors have spread that USA was trying to invade and conquer Iraq for their oil, and many other reasons. Those are rumors deemed to be true for some â€Å"irresponsibly biased† media who never revealed the true intentions of the American government.Since then, such reports took its toll on the government, and they have been heavily criticized as liars and greedy by their own people. Biased reports made the US regime pay a heavy price after the war on Iraq with unlimited criticism. (Grieder, 2004). The disadvantages of freedom of the press are that it could be misleading. During war and conflict, as part of human nature, many take sides of a story and believe it to be true, even the media. With such beliefs, come strong arguments that can be very convincing if manipulated well by the educated. It can also be true in terms of political issues.A certain group of the media may be on one sid e while another would be on the â€Å"other side†. This also explains why most of the Muslim dominated countries shown in Fig. 1 voted against press freedom because such countries have long history of documented internal conflicts. However, with the right precautions and the right of the government to question, not necessarily censor such reports, could resolve conflicts. With groups of the media on different sides of a story, the result could be disagreement in the short run, but, it is a perfect way to debate and analyze the positives from each side and create a positive resolution in the long run.Freedom of the Press: The Countries with the Least Freedom of the press and its conditions According to the article, Countries with the Least amount of Press Freedom in the World, which used the data that was released by Reporters without Borders in October 2009, the top five nations with the least amount of liberty of the media are Eritrea, North Korea, Turkmenistan, Iran and Bur ma. Following the report in 2006 by the â€Å"Committee to protect Journalists (CPJ)† on the, 10 Most Censored Countries, North Korea was always among the top because of its Communism. Most of these countries are hardly democratic.In a communist country like North Korea, reports of famine, poverty and even murder by government officials are never reported. This is because â€Å"all† the domestic news-related matters are fully controlled by the government. Radio channels, television and even newspapers always publish their communist leader, Kim Jong Il’s wisdom. On a tragic incident that occurred in April 2004 near the border of China, where a munitions train exploded, the amount of people who died were not reported, instead the North Korean press reported the loyalty of the people towards their leader by saving his portraits before their beloved families.The picture shown in Fig. 3, however, shows the devastation of such incident, provided by the World Food Prog ram, where there were 150 people recorded â€Å"dead† and thousands were injured. (â€Å"10 most censored countries,† 2006). Many of the negative occurrences within the country are never revealed to the world, leaving its citizens at the mercy of their leader. Almost all of the top ten least free countries in terms of media liberty have the exact same problem in that their leaders isolate the country from the rest of the world to gain full control of their nation and to erase all threats that could potentially overthrow them.Freedom of the Press: The Countries with the Most Freedom of the press and its conditions Shown in Fig. 4, in the 22 nations that were assessed by World Public Opinion, the country which had the most amount of freedom of the media is the UK with 71%, voting for â€Å" a lot†, and 22% voted for â€Å"some†, followed by the USA with 66% who responded with â€Å"a lot†, while 26% voted for â€Å"some†. Both countries are ve ry democratic countries and have very few or no internal conflict between ethnic groups and racial tension.The same pattern applies for the top ten countries with the most freedom of the media, from the data collected by Reporters without Borders, in the article Countries with the Least Amount of Press Freedom in the World. The nations which belonged to the bottom of that list has the highest press freedom and least government censorship, and those countries are Sweden, Norway, Republic of Ireland, Finland, Denmark and many more which are mostly from Europe and North America. Such results prove R. J.Rummel’s argument on his article, Freedom of the Press—A Way to Global Peace, that free media promotes democracy to be and accurate claim. Overall freedom within a Country: The Measurement of Overall Freedom? Pal, according to Bailey in the article, Peace and the Press: Media Bolster Social Cohesion, has conducted an analysis of the correlation between press freedom and the â€Å"seven measures of instability† within a country. These instabilities were measured as ethnic tensions, external and internal conflicts, crime and disorder, military participation in government, and religious tensions.Such instabilities are described by Pal to only improve with the increase of liberty by the press, quoting Thomas Jefferson’s wisdom, â€Å"Were it left to me to decide whether we should have a government without newspapers or newspapers without a government, I should not hesitate a moment to prefer the latter. † (Bailey, 2011). Those measures were close to the actual measurement of a country’s overall freedom once compared to the thorough report of Freedom in the World 2011: the Authoritarian Challenge to Democracy, written and compiled by Arch Puddington.Thus, the overall freedom of a country is measured based on these conditions: whether or not there is an open political competition, respect for religion and civil rights from the go vernment, how significant the independent civic life is, independence of media, and strength of the rule of law. Given these conditions, three broad categories are derived, Free, Partly Free, and Not Free, with the conditions given in the Box (Fig. 5). A country, as stated in Fig. should possess positive values of the conditions written there, which includes freedom of religion, political right of the people, and right of speech which can be included in the category of independent media. According to Puddington’s report, there are 87 countries which represent 45% of the world’s 194 countries that are considered as â€Å"free†. That consists of 43% of the world’s population. However, there are 47 countries that were categorized as â€Å"not free†, which represents 24% of the world’s countries.In total, the population stands at 2, 434, 250,000 people or 35%, a surprising number despite the increase of democratic nations throughout the years. O verall freedom within a Country: The Countries with the least amount of overall freedom Of the 24% of the World countries (47 nations) which are categorized as â€Å"not free†, there are nine which are absolutely the worst in terms of Overall Freedom. In relation to having the least amount of Press Freedom, North Korea, Turkmenistan, Iran and Burma are again amongst these countries categorized as the worst.The people are thought to have no political rights, no freedom of choice and civil liberties which include freedom of religion and many more. This further proves the importance of a liberal media, and why it is considered by many as the most important tool within a country to keep its peace. It is well reported that lack of freedom only haunts the Authoritarian nations and cultures. Most democratic nations are categorized as â€Å"free† countries, where the press is relatively free of restriction and all the other measures of instabilities are low.Overall freedom wit hin a Country: The Countries with the most amount of overall freedom In Puddington’s review, he did not state the countries with the highest amount of overall freedom because of its lack of importance compared to the â€Å"not free† countries, in which his report focuses on. However, in the regional patterns shown in page 9 of his report (shown as fig. 6 below), the Americas and Western Europe, which has the most democratic countries, has the most number of free nations. This is similar to the â€Å"Countries with the Most Freedom†, in page 10 of this research paper; both regions also had the most liberty of media.Analysis: Freedom in the world According to all the data collected in this research, Democratic Nations are the most â€Å"free† nations in the world in terms of all the conditions that were mentioned before. In the figures and charts taken from Puddington’s thorough review, which will be shown on the next few pages, it can be derived tha t Democracy is indeed â€Å"the best policy† and in relation to the data collected earlier in terms of Freedom of the press, most â€Å"free† nations, are democratic and have a high press freedom. Conclusion: Both Sudehsna Pal and R. J.Rummel are right when they claim that press freedom is the key for democracy and peace. In the Country Breakdown by status, â€Å"Not free† countries are the last in terms of the number of nations within that category. However, it has the second largest population, shown in the population breakdown. In the Regional data, it is clear that the regions found to have the most freedom of the press, have the most overall freedom. It is very surprising that the countries that are â€Å"not free†, which have few political rights and civil liberties, have 35% of the world’s total population, whereas the countries which are â€Å"free† has 43%.Nevertheless, there is a positive correlation between press freedom and overa ll freedom of a country. This shows the importance of a liberal press within a nation, because with no restrictions to report what is needed, the government could stay honest to its people to avoid negative criticisms. It also allows the citizens to be well educated about what is going on within their country and can act upon their own to help the government resolve internal issues. References: Countries with the least amount of Freedom in the World. 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World Affairs, 147(4), 253. Academic Search Premier Database. www. ebscohost. com (2011, July 17) Puddington, A. (2011). Freedom of the world 2011: the authoritarian challenge to democracy. Freedom House, Retrieved from http://reliefweb. int/sites/reliefweb. int/files/resources/ EFA28E3670B830004925781E000EA6EA-Full_Report. pdf (2011, July 14) Ronald Bailey â€Å"Peace and the press: media bolster social cohesion†. Reason. FindArticles. om. 18 Jul, 2011. http://findarticles. com/p/articles/mi_m1568/is_4_43/ai_n57762421/ (2011, July 14) Rummel , R. J. (1989). Freedom of the press– a way to global peace*. Retrieved from http://www. hawaii. edu/powerkills/FREEPRESS. HTM (2011, July 19) Soxman, K. A. (1980). TMI, Tet and the media. Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, 36(3), 64. Academic Search Premier Database. www. ebscohost. com (2011, July 17) Ten most censored countries. (2006). Committee to Protect Journalists, Retrieved from http://cpj. org/reports/2006/05/10-most-censored-countries. php (2011, July 14)